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* What is Information Systems Analysis and Design?
To create and maintain information systems that perform basic business fuctions such as keeping track of customer names and addresses, processing orders, and paying employees. (business fuctions : All of performace for some organization)
* Systems Analysis and Design : Core Concepts
The major goal of systems analysis and design is to improve organizational systems. Often this involves developing or acquiring application software and training employees to use it. Application software, also called a system, is designed to support a specific organizational function or process, such as inventory management, payroll, or market analysis. The goal of application software is to turn data into information.
In addition to applicaiton software, the informaiton system includes:
1. The hardware and systems software on which the application software runs.
2. Documentation and training materials.
3. The specific job roles associated with the overall system.
4. Controls, which are parts of the software written to help prevent fraud and theft.
5. The people who use the software.
* Consists of the software engneering process
Methodologies - A sequence of step-by-step approaches that help develop your final product
Techniques - To help ensure that your work is well thought-out, complete, and comprehensible to others.
Tools - Make it easy to use specific techniques. (CASE : Computer-aided software engineering)
* System
- A system is an interrelated set of business procedures (or components) used within one business unit
working together for some purpose.
- 9 Characteristics
* A Modern Approach to Systems Analysis and Design
-System Integration : Allows hardware and software from different vendors to work together
* Data and Process
-Three key components of an information system
* Approaches to Systems Development
* Database and Application independence
- Database
- Application Independence
* Your Role in Systems Development
- Systems Analyst
* Types information systems and systems development
- Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
* The four steps of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)
- Phase 1 : Systems Planning and Selection
* Approaches to Development
- Prototyping
- Computer-Assisted Software Engineering (CASE) Tools
- Joint Application Design
- Rapid Application Development
- Participatory Design
- Agile methodologies
To create and maintain information systems that perform basic business fuctions such as keeping track of customer names and addresses, processing orders, and paying employees. (business fuctions : All of performace for some organization)
* Systems Analysis and Design : Core Concepts
The major goal of systems analysis and design is to improve organizational systems. Often this involves developing or acquiring application software and training employees to use it. Application software, also called a system, is designed to support a specific organizational function or process, such as inventory management, payroll, or market analysis. The goal of application software is to turn data into information.
In addition to applicaiton software, the informaiton system includes:
1. The hardware and systems software on which the application software runs.
2. Documentation and training materials.
3. The specific job roles associated with the overall system.
4. Controls, which are parts of the software written to help prevent fraud and theft.
5. The people who use the software.
* Consists of the software engneering process
Methodologies - A sequence of step-by-step approaches that help develop your final product
Techniques - To help ensure that your work is well thought-out, complete, and comprehensible to others.
Tools - Make it easy to use specific techniques. (CASE : Computer-aided software engineering)
* System
- A system is an interrelated set of business procedures (or components) used within one business unit
working together for some purpose.
- 9 Characteristics
Components- Important System Concepts
Interrelated components
Boundary
Purpose
Environment
Interfaces
Input
Output
Constraints
Decomposition
Modularity
Coupling
Cohension
* A Modern Approach to Systems Analysis and Design
-System Integration : Allows hardware and software from different vendors to work together
* Data and Process
-Three key components of an information system
Data : Understanding the source and use of date is key to good system design
Data Flows : Groups of data that move and flow through the system
Processing Logic : Describe steps that transform data and events that trigger the steps
* Approaches to Systems Development
* Database and Application independence
- Database
Shared collection of logically related data
Organized to facilitate capture, storage and retrieval by multiple users
Centrally managed
Designed aroung subjects
- Application Independence
Separation of data and definitionof data from applications
* Your Role in Systems Development
- Systems Analyst
The primary role of a systems analyst is to study the problems and needs of an organization in order to determine how people, methods, and information technology can best be combined to bring about improvements in the organization. A systems analyst helps system users and other busines managers define their requirements for new or enhanced information services- Need to develop four types of skill for Systems Analyst
Analytical Skills
Technical Skills
Management Skills
Effective Written and oral communication Skills
* Types information systems and systems development
- Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Automates the handling of data about business activities or transactions.- Management Processing Systems (MIS)
The analysis and design of a TPS requeires you to focus on the firm's current procedures for processing transactions.
A computer-based system that takes the raw data available through a TPS and converts them into a meaningful aggregated form.- Decision Support Systems (DSS)
To help decision makers with decisions.- Expert Systems (ES)
Knowledge representation describes the way an expert would approach the problem
* The four steps of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)
- Phase 1 : Systems Planning and Selection
Someone identifies the need for a new or enhanced system.- Phase 2 : Systems Anlysis
To investigate the system and determine the proposed system's scope.
Subphase 1. Determine requirements- Phase 3 : Systems Design
Subphase 2. Generate alternative designs
Subphase 3. Compare alternatives
Subpahse 4. Recommend best alternative
Analyst convert the description of the recommended alternative solution into logical and then physical system specifications.- Phase 4 : Systems Implementation and Operation
Logical design is not tied to any specific hardware and systems software platform. In physical design, you turn the logical design into physical, or technical specifications.
Turns system specifications into a working system that is tested and then put into use.
* Approaches to Development
- Prototyping
- Computer-Assisted Software Engineering (CASE) Tools
- Joint Application Design
- Rapid Application Development
- Participatory Design
- Agile methodologies
